What Is The Function Of The Reproductive System
By: Dr. Rita Louise
Although the reproductive systems of males and females are different, the organs of both sexes can be divided into two groups, the primary organs, or the gonads and the accessory organs, which include a series of ducts that transport either egg or sperm, as well as various endocrine glands.
Male Reproduction
The Testes
The testes are located outside the body proper and are suspended in a sac called the scrotum. The function of the testes is to produce spermatozoa, which is essential for the proliferation of life. The testes also produce the hormone testosterone, which is required to maintain the reproductive structures as well as to develop secondary sexual characteristics.
Epididymis
The epididymis is a highly coiled tube in which sperm complete the maturation process and are stored.
Vas Deferens & Ejaculatory Duct
The vas deferens and ejaculatory duct are a tube that connects the epididymis to the urethra.
Seminal Vesicles
The seminal vesicles is a sack like glands that secrete a mucus-like fluid that contains nutrients that nourish the sperm cells.
Prostrate Gland
The prostrate gland lies just below the bladder, where is surrounds part of the urethra. The prostrate produces an alkaline secretion, which helps neutralizes the acidity of the vaginal tract as well as enhances the mobility of the spermatozoa. The muscular tissue that makes up the prostate gland also aids in the expulsion of semen.
Bulbourethral (Cowper’s Gland)
The bulbourethral or Cowper’s Gland secretes a clear alkaline fluid, which neutralized the acidity of the urethra and also lubricates the urethra and penis.
The Penis
The penis is an erectile organ designed to deliver sperm into the female reproductive tract during intercourse.
Female Reproduction
Ovaries
The ovaries are two small organs in which the ova or eggs are formed and released. Each month only one is released for potential fertilization. The ovaries are also responsible for the secretion of estrogen and progesterone.
Oviducts (Fallopian Tubes)
The oviducts or fallopian tubes are muscular structures that transport the ova from a point near the ovary to the uterus.
Uterus
The Uterus is the organ in which a fertilized egg is embedded, allowing for the growth of a fetus until it reaches maturity. The opening to the uterus is called the cervix. It is through this opening that sperm enters into the uterus thus allowing for fertilization of the ovum.
Vagina
The vagina is a muscular tube that connects the uterus to the outside world.
Breasts
The breasts contain mammary glands, which are responsible for the production of milk during lactation.
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